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Rudy Giuliani supported Donald Trump during much of his campaign, and the former New York City mayor (and vice chairman of the Trump transition team) was reportedly under consideration for high-level positions in the Trump administration, including secretary of state, but was not given an offer. On Jan. 12, the Trump transition team indicated it had found a job for Giuliani: an advisor on cyber security.

Giuliani has been in the public eye for decades, becoming known to the world in the immediate aftermath of the 9/11 attacks. Images of Giuliani in Lower Manhattan, amid the chaos and rubble, are now iconic.

When it comes to his policy positions, it’s complicated. On certain social issues — such as abortion and gay marriage — he’s far to the left of conservatives like Mike Pence. But he’s a hardliner when it comes to matters of crime and policing.

Here are 12 things to know about Giuliani:

1. He’s pro-choice and has donated to Planned Parenthood.

Trump, who was formerly pro-choice, now says he's pro-life. Members of his inner circle, including Mike Pence, are staunchly pro-life. Giuliani has said he’s morally opposed to abortion but departs from other Trumpians by believing in a woman’s right to choose.

“I believe abortion is wrong. I think it is morally wrong,” he said in 2007 during his failed bid for president. “And if I were asked my advice by someone who was considering an abortion, I would tell them not to have the abortion, to have the child, and if nothing else, the adoption option exists.”

“In a country like ours,” he continued, “where people of good faith, people who are equally decent, equally moral, and equally religious, where they come to different conclusions about this ... I believe you have to respect their viewpoint. ... I would grant women the right to make that choice to have an abortion.”

In the 1990s, Giuliani made six donations to Planned Parenthood totaling $900, according to Politico. He’s also called for public funding for abortions, according to CNN, although he later walked back that support during his 2008 presidential run.

2. He hurled a series of vicious attacks on Hillary Clinton.

Giuliani was a fierce critic of Clinton on behalf of Trump, at one point calling her "too stupid to be president" for not believing Monica Lewinsky's claims that "Bill Clinton violated her."

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While stumping for Trump, Giuliani told a crowd in Akron, Ohio, that Clinton's job performance as secretary of state, particularly on Libya, was "grossly negligent as secretary of state with the lives of our citizens," according to the Washington Post.

He also falsely claimed on several occasions that Clinton's health was failing her, saying that she is "tired" and "looks sick," according to NBC News. In an interview with Fox News, he encouraged people to Google "Hillary Clinton illness," which calls up a trove of conspiracy theories about her health. Clinton did have a bout of pneumonia, but she was not suffering from the more serious maladies these theories suggested.

At one point, Giuliani falsely claimed that Clinton said she was at Ground Zero on 9/11. Clinton never made such claims, but a picture did surface of her and Giuliani standing next to each in Lower Manhattan on Sept. 12, 2001. (He later apologized.)

3. He said a terrorist attack never happened during the Bush administration.

"Before Obama,” Giuliani said in August, “we didn't have any successful radical Islamic attacks in the U.S.”

Wait, what?

4. He supports same-sex marriage and presided over the wedding of two men.

Giuliani’s view of same-sex marriage is similar to that of President Barack Obama’s: It has evolved over time. He supported civil unions for same-sex couples but opposed marriage until 2015, when he publicly expressed support for same-sex marriage by calling on the Supreme Court to make it legal, according to Time magazine. A year later, Giuliani officiated the wedding of two men, according to the Washington Post, which said one of the men was Giuliani’s close friend and adviser.

5. He’s called the Black Lives Matter movement “racist.”

According to Giuliani, saying “black lives matters” is “inherently racist.”

“Black lives matter. White lives matter. Asian lives matter. Hispanic lives matter. That’s anti-American, and it’s racist,” he said on CBS’s Face the Nation in July.

Giuliani added that Black Lives Matter protesters target police officers. “They sing rap songs about killing police officers, and they talk about killing police officers, and they yell it out at their rallies, and the police officers hear it,” he said.

And he criticized Beyoncé for her VMAs performance.

During Beyoncé’s performance of “Pray You Catch Me” at the 2016 MTV VMAs, her dancers dropped to the stage as if they were dead while a boy in a hoodie — meant to be Trayvon Martin — wrapped his arms around Beyoncé. It was a powerful nod to the Black Lives Matter movement that Giuliani said was a “shame.”

“I saved more black lives than any of those people you saw on stage,” he said on Fox News.

6. He championed controversial policing tactics.

During Giuliani’s tenure as mayor, violent crime and murders dropped sharply in New York City, but the police department deployed tactics that unfairly targeted and harmed the city's minority residents. Police carried out stop-and-frisk, which allows officers to stop a pedestrian, question, and frisk him or her without cause. According to the New York Civil Liberties Union, police mostly targeted blacks and Latinos.

“People of color would increasingly feel themselves under siege, subjected to continual ‘stop-and-frisk’ humiliations by the police and arrests for minor infractions, selectively applied,” author and journalist Kevin Baker wrote in Politico magazine. “Rudy backed them to the hilt, and gave the police permission to keep doing them even when they were ordered to cease and desist by the courts.”

The practice has since been stopped — in 2003, a New York judge said stop-and-frisk was carried out in a way that was unconstitutional, according to FactCheck.org — while crime has continued to decline in New York.

7. He stood by police officers who killed and raped black men.

Giuliani’s mayorship of New York, according to Politico magazine, saw a number of racially charged incidents involving his police force.

When one Abner Louima was arrested, tortured and raped with a toilet plunger in his cell by cops in what turned out to be a case of mistaken identity, Mayor Giuliani ordered an immediate investigation — then, months later, publicly threw out its findings. When four plainclothesmen mistook Amadou Diallo, a 23-year-old, law-abiding immigrant from Guinea for someone else and demanded to see his ID, he pulled out his wallet — and they fired 41 times, putting 19 bullets in him. Giuliani called his death a “tragedy,” but refused to say it was “a mistake.” When a 26-year-old security guard named Patrick Dorismond angrily attacked a pair of undercover cops who tried to get him to buy some crack, he was shot dead, too. Far from apologizing for police killing a young black man for refusing to buy crack, Rudy defended the cops and illegally unsealed Dorismond’s minor, juvenile delinquency record from years before, explaining that he was only trying to show that the dead man “was no altar boy.” In fact, it turned out that Dorismond had gone to the same Catholic school as Giuliani. And that he was an altar boy.

It’s these kinds of incident, Politico argues, that served as the bedrock for the Black Lives Matter movement.

8. He’s been a proponent of gun control.

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Mayor Giuliani and Police Commissioner Bratton with guns seized or turned in as part of a program to get guns off the streets, New York City in 1994.

Unlike Trump and his advisers — who are strongly against gun control and even oppose gun-free zones around schools — Giuliani has called for stricter laws around guns. According to The Trace, Mayor Giuliani “pressed for national gun registration, advocated bans on assault weapons and high-powered handguns, and birthed the strategy of suing gun manufacturers for negligence.”

During his 2008 run for president, Giuliani tried to soften his position on gun control, telling the NRA — a group the New York Times said he once compared to extremists — that the government should "focus on enforcing the laws that exist on the books as opposed to passing new extensions of laws." During that speech, Giuliani also took a call from his wife, Judith.

His gun control stance seems to have become even less stringent. During a talk with Arkansas Republicans at the Republican National Convention, Giuliani said gun control doesn't curb violence. “They are shooting people in Chicago like it is a shooting gallery," he said, noting afterward, according to NBC Chicago, that the Windy City is mired in gun violence despite strict gun control laws.

9. He thinks ISIS is America's greatest danger and doesn’t consider Russia much of a threat.

During an event hosted the Wall Street Journal, Giuliani said that in the short term, “ISIS … is the greatest danger, and not because ISIS is in Iraq and in Syria, but because ISIS did something al-Qaeda never did — ISIS was able to spread itself around the world.”

On Russia, however, he thinks the U.S. and Russia should cooperate more but also that the U.S. should be more willing to issue threats against the country. "Russia thinks it's a military competitor, it really isn't," Giuliani said. "It's our unwillingness under Obama to even threaten the use of our military that makes Russia so powerful."

Trump has spoken highly of Russian President Vladimir Putin and reportedly talked with him by phone after his victory. Trump staffers also reportedly spoke with officials inside the Kremlin during the campaign.

10. He defended undocumented immigrants in the past.

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Trump has pledged to deport as many as 3 million undocumented immigrants as soon as he takes office. But Giuliani, who was regularly called on to explain Trump’s position on immigration, has in the past been a proponent of undocumented immigrants.

“The anti-immigration issue that’s now sweeping the country in my view is no different than the movements that swept the country in the past,” he said in 1996. “You look back at the Chinese Exclusionary Act, or the Know-Nothing movement — these were movements that encouraged Americans to fear foreigners, to fear something that is different, and to stop immigration.”

But his position seems to have hardened since taking up the mantle for Trump. While he's less extreme than Trump on immigration, Giuliani has said some undocumented immigrants should be deported. "Some of these people have been on welfare the last 30 years, maybe some of them have to be thrown out, but not necessarily all of them," he said this year.

Last December, Giuliani called Trump’s proposal to ban Muslims from the country unconstitutional, according to CNN, but Trump later proposed a task force on radical islam to "figure it out" and presumably work out how the country would, in fact, ban Muslims. Giuliani called the task force a "good step," according to the New Yorker, suggesting he might accept the offer.

11. He compared Trump's remarks about grabbing women by the pussy to Hillary's use of a private email server.

After a leaked Access Hollywood tape showed Trump bragging of sexually assaulting women, Giuliani went on TV to defend the candidate. "The fact is that men at times talk like that," Giuliani said on CNN, arguing that Trump is now a changed man. "I'm not justifying it," he added.

On Meet the Press, Giuliani said Trump's comments would be "even worse if they were actions." (This was before women came forward accusing Trump of sexual assault.)

And he compared Trump's remarks to Clinton's use of a private email server when she was secretary of state, suggesting both were equally as bad. "Apparently, Democrats don't think the one issue they should decide their election on is the fact that Hillary Clinton seems to have used the state dept. as a pay-for-play operation of the Clinton Foundation," he said.

12. He will have a role in the Trump White House, advising on cyber security.

Giuliani, who is CEO an international security consulting firm, will "be sharing his expertise and insight as a trusted friend" on cyber-security matters, the Trump transition team said on Jan. 12.

Trump, who has said cybersecurity will be a top priority of his administration (and whose campaign may have benefitted from a Russia hack of the Democratic National Committee), is planning to host a series of meetings after he takes office with corporate executives where they can discuss their shared security challenges, according to The Associated Press. Giuliani will "initiate the process of of getting input from private-sector leaders to address cyber security," NPR reported.

It's unclear what his title will be or, as NPR noted, whether he will be paid for his role.

This story was updated on 12/9/2016 to reflect that Giuliani was not given the job of secretary of state. It was also updated on 1/12/2017 to include his new role in the Trump administration.

The Associated Press contributed to this story.

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 Michael Sebastian is editor in chief of Esquire.